$$MD = \sqrt3 \times V_L \times I_L \times \cos(\varphi)$$
Use probability distributions of load occurrence (rare in final design but common in planning). maximum demand calculation 3 phase
Utility MD is often measured in (since transformers and cables are kVA‑limited). Convert kW to kVA: [ kVA = \frackWPF ] Low PF inflates MD → higher charges. Always include capacitor banks in MD calculations (they reduce kVA demand). $$MD = \sqrt3 \times V_L \times I_L \times
Identify every electrical item in the building. Categorize them into groups such as: maximum demand calculation 3 phase