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Source: Saito, Y. (2017). A Study on the Effectiveness of Kanji Instruction for Japanese Language Learners. Journal of Japanese Language Teaching, 33, 1-18.
| Compound | Reading | Literal kanji | Semantic meaning | Type | |----------|---------|---------------|------------------|------| | 一日 | tsuitachi | one + day | 1st of month | Jukujikun | | 玄人 | kurōto | dark + person | expert/pro | Ateji | | 素人 | shirōto | plain + person | amateur | Ateji | | 流石 | sasuga | flow + stone | as expected | Ateji | | 可笑しい | okashii | can + laugh | funny | Jukujikun |
Abide by / obey (e.g., 遵守 - junshu / compliance).
The Japanese Language Proficiency Test (JLPT) N1 represents the pinnacle of standardized assessment for non-native learners, ostensibly certifying the ability to read authentic, nuanced Japanese texts. However, the official JLPT provides no explicit kanji list for N1, creating a critical gap in pedagogical clarity. This paper reconstructs the de facto N1 kanji inventory through corpus analysis of past examinations, official “Can-do” statements, and benchmark texts (e.g., Asahi Shimbun , Bungeishunjū ). We identify 2,136 kanji as the functional N1 set—the 1,026 kanji from N2 plus 1,110 advanced characters. Our analysis reveals three key findings: (1) N1 kanji exhibit a high frequency of (旧字体, 異体字) and orthographic fossils from pre-war reforms; (2) over 60% of N1-exclusive kanji appear primarily in Jukujikun (熟字訓) or ateji (当て字) compounds, defying regular on’yomi/kun’yomi rules; (3) morphological productivity shifts from individual kanji learning to bound compound recognition . We propose a revised pedagogical framework centered on “radical-field analysis” and contextual acquisition, challenging the traditional spaced-repetition model for advanced learners.
Scar / trace (e.g., 痕跡 - konseki / evidence). 💼 2. Legal, Executive & Political Action