nvme id-ctrl /dev/nvme0 -H | grep -i "crypto"
Standard formatting tools in Windows or macOS only delete the "pointers" to your files. The actual data stays on the NAND chips until it’s eventually overwritten, making it easy for recovery software to scavenge. A true NVMe secure erase offers: How to *secure erase* a NVMe SSD - Ask Ubuntu
Many modern enterprise motherboards and consumer BIOSs now include a built-in NVMe Secure Erase tool.
In NVMe, the command (opcode 0x80 ) is the primary way to perform a secure erase — but it’s not identical to ATA Secure Erase.